ASTM Introduction of standard steel grades
1．Method for the representation of structural steel grades
Most brands said provisions symbol of SAE system, a few exceptions. Carbon steel bars 1005 to 1095 a total of 49 grades, 10 representatives of high carbon steel. The manganese content of 1513 to 1572 carbon steel bars for a total of 16 grades, 15 representative high manganese content in carbon steel. Free cutting structural steel 1108 ~ 11511211 ~ 1215 and 12L13 ~ 12L15 23 brands of.11 sulfur free cutting steel, said 12 parathion compound cutting structural steel, 12L said lead sulfur composite free cutting structural steel alloy structural steel. 1330 ~ E9 310 and 50B44 to 94B30 a total of 90 steel grade steel. On behalf of two digital grades before were in accordance with SAE system requirements. Spring steel 1050 carbon spring steel, 5160 steel and boron alloy spring spring steel 51B60 were respectively belongs to carbon steel and alloy structural steel standard. More details can refer to all kinds of steel ASTM A29/A29M standard.H steel (Paul hardenability steel) carbon steel (H steel) 1038H ~ 15B62H 12 grades; alloy steel (H steel) 1330H ~ 94B30H 74 grades, A total of 86 brands. In addition to a slight tail with the letter H grade and the difference of chemical composition (adjusted), and the rest are carbon steel and alloy structural steel.
Standard No. ASTM A304. High carbon chromium bearing steel ASTM A295 standard, a total of 52100, 5195, K19526, 1070M and 51605 grades, no law. High strength low alloy steel (A242, A441, ASTM to A529, A572, A588, A606, A607, A618, A633, A656, A690, A707, A715 A808, A81. 2, A841 and A871 17 standards. Typel, Gr42, GrA, Grla, Cr II, 65 and 80, a total of 49 brands, some of which have no brand, only the chemical composition。
2．Stainless steel and heat resistant steel grade representation method
Stainless steel and heat-resistant steel according to the microstructure of austenite (containing high nitrogen), Ferritic, Austenitic, martensitic precipitation hardening and five types of brands. In * * * (such as 304), XM- (XM-16) * * and * * * - * - (e.g. 26-3-3 said that the total number of 81+28+16), a total of 125 brands can refer to the ASTM A484 standard.。
3．Tool steel grade representation method
Carbon tool steel A686 W1-A standard is ASTM ~ W5 a total of 5 grades. Alloy tool steel A680 ASTM standard:
H10 ~ H43 hot work die steel 15 grades;
A2 ~ A10 air cold hardening cold work tool steel 9 grades;
D2 ~ D7 high carbon high chromium cold work tool steel 5 grades;
O1 ~ O7 oil quenching tool steel 4 grades;
S1 ~ S7 shock resistant tool steel 6 grades;
P1 ~ P21 low carbon tool steel 8 grades;
F1, F2 carbon tungsten alloy tool steel 2 grades;
L2 ~ L6 special purpose tool steel 3 grades;
6G ~ 6F6 other tool steel 6 grades.
The above nine types of total 58 grades.
High speed tool steel A600 ASTM standard:
T1 ~ T15 tungsten system high speed tool steel 7 grades;
M1 ~ M62 molybdenum system high speed tool steel 20 grades;
M50, M52 intermediate type high speed tool steel 2 grades.
The above three types of total 29 grades.4．Method for representing the grade of steel castings
The mechanical properties of high strength cast steel with tensile strength and yield strength (yield point) of the lowest grade composition for general engineering purposes, in addition to the mechanical properties of cast steel grades and with the letter said, plus the number of components. Grades of stainless steel, heat resistant steel according to the combination of ACI standard and digital letter to express brand. C said 650 DEG C using stainless steel, heat-resistant steel H used is higher than 650 degrees and grades in the second letters content of Ni element, see the following table。
Second letters of the brand and nickel content (mass fraction)（ % ）
| Letter |
Ni Content range |
Letter |
Ni Content range |
| A |
＜ 1.0 |
I |
14.0～18.0 |
| B |
＜ 2.0 |
K |
18.0～22.0 |
| C |
＜ 4.0 |
N |
23.0～27.0 |
| D |
4.0～7.0 |
T |
33.0～37.0 |
| E |
8.0～11.0 |
U |
37.0～41.0 |
| F |
9.0～12.0 |
W |
58.0～62.0 |
| H |
11.0～14.0 |
X |
64.0～68.0 |
Engineering and structure with cast steel A27 ASTM standard, 415-205, GradeN1 and other 7 grades.
High strength cast steel A148 ASTM standard in Grade550-345, 1795-1450L and other 15 grades.
Stainless steel, corrosion resistant cast steel A743 ASTM CF-8, CH-10, CA-15, CB-6, CM-3M,, CN-3M and CK-35Mn 34 kinds of seven grades.
Heat resistant cast steel A297 ASTM standard HF.HP and other 14 grades。
High manganese cast steel A128 ASTM standards are B-1, A ~ B-4, C, D, E1, E2 and F, and other 10 grades.
5．Method for the representation of cast iron
Gray cast iron with letters and numbers into the number of grades. A48 ASTM standard No.20 (A, B, C, S).No.60 (A, B, C,, S) nine categories of 36 grades.
The ordinary ductile cast iron ductile iron and ductile iron special purpose two class, but the grade is three sets of digital combination. The first number for the code, second numbers for the minimum tensile strength (MPa), third groups of digital said minimum elongation (%).
Malleable cast iron, malleable cast iron was with combination of numbers number. According to the ASTM standard of A47M Ferritic Malleable Cast Iron with combination of numbers grades and standards in 22010, 32510 and 35510 a total of 3 brands; ASTM A220M standard with numbers and letters that pearlite malleable iron board, 280M10.620M1 the 8 grade standard. 280 represents the lowest tensile strength value (MPa), 10 said the minimum elongation (%). Wear resistant white cast iron said abrasion resistant cast iron The grades and other cast iron grades are different, and more complex. Both digital grade I, II, III, and A, B, C, D categories, with the alloy element symbol and its content. A532 ASTM have II B15%Cr-Mo and other 10 grades.
Austenitic cast austenitic cast iron into austenite cast iron and Austenitic Ductile Iron two. Type 1 to type 6 austenitic cast iron said there are 8 grades, grade ASTM in A436 standard. Austenitic Ductile Iron with D2 ~ D5S grades, 9 grades of ASTM A439.
