Nitrogen

Catalogue

Atomic structure

Discovery

Source

Element USES

physical property

Chemical property

Geological data

Biology data

Atomic structure

Atomic radius/Å: 0.75
Atomic volume/cm3 / mol: 17.3
Covalent radius/Å: 0.75

Electronic configuration: 1s2 2s2p3
Ion radius/Å: 0.13
Oxidation state: V

Discovery

1772 in Edinburgh, Scotland, by d. Rutherford found.

Source

The air contains a lot of nitrogen and industrial system is the use of air liquide nitrogen, then fractionation.

Element USES

Nitrogen as gas, has many industrial purposes, liquid nitrogen has very low temperatures, so, used for low temperature storage sperm, eggs, etc, as inert gas, with food and chemical storage, in order to prevent the oxidation.

physical property

State: a colorless, odorless, no smelly gases. Melting point (℃) : 209.86
Boiling point (℃) : 195.65
Density (g/L, 273 K, 1 ATM) : 1.2506

Than hot/J/gK: 1.04
Evaporation heat/KJ/mol: 2.7928
Melting hot/KJ/mol: 0.3604

Conductive rate / 106 / cm:
Coefficient of thermal conductivity/W/cmK: 0.0002598

Geological data

abundance
Retention time/year: 6000

The sun (relative to the H = 1 x 1012) : 8.71 by 107
Sea/P.P.M.

The earth's crust/P.P.M. : 25
The Atlantic ocean surface: 0.00008
The Pacific Ocean surface: 0.0008

Atmospheric/P.P.M. (volume) : 780 900
The Atlantic ocean depths: 0.27
Deep in the Pacific: 0.54

Biology data

Content in the human body
Liver/P.P.M. : 7200

Organs:
Muscle/P.P.M. : 7200

Blood/mg dm-3:34300
Th intake/mg:

Bone/P.P.M. : 4300
People (70 Kg) are total body/Kg: 1.8

Detailed information

Nitrogen, atomic number 7, atomic weight is 14.006747. Element name comes from the Greek, original intention is "XiaoShi". 1772 by the Swedish chemist SheLe and English chemist rutherford, also found that, by a French scientists pull tile tin sure is a kind of element. Nitrogen in the earth's crust content is 0.0046%, the nature of most of nitrogen molecules in the form of nitrogen reacts exists in the atmosphere, accounting for 78% of the nitrogen air volume. Nitrogen is the most important mineral nitrate is. There are two kinds of natural nitrogen isotope: nitrogen 14 and nitrogen 15, including nitrogen and the abundance of 99.625%.

Nitrogen is colorless, odorless gas, melting point-209.86 ° C, boiling point-195.8 ° C, the density of the gas 1.25046 g/l, 146.95 ° C temperature-critical, critical pressure 33.54 atmospheric pressure.

Nitrogen molecules is made up of two nitrogen atoms, special stability, it to many responses reagent is inert. In high temperature, high pressure and the presence of catalyst, nitrogen and hydrogen transamination ammonia. Nitrogen and oxygen reacts in the air in the role of lightning, produces nitrogen oxide. Lithium and nitrogen in room temperature can reaction, transition metal at high temperature can and nitrogen response, generating nitrides.

Nitrogen is an important component of the plant and animal protein inside the body, but the higher animals, and most plants cannot directly absorption nitrogen. Nitrogen is mainly used to make ammonia, the second is preparation nitrides, cyanide, nitric acid &its salts, etc. In addition, also can be used as protection, foam of gas foaming agent, liquid nitrogen can be used for cooling agent.