Carbon

Catalogue

Atomic structure

Discovery

Source

Element USES

physical property

Chemical property

Geological data

Biology data

Atomic structure

Atomic radius/Å: 0.91
Atomic volume/cm3 / mol: 4.58
Covalent radius/Å: 0.77

Electronic configuration: 1s2 2s2p2
Ion radius/Å:
Oxidation state: IV

Discovery

Prehistoric humans will already know.

Source

In nature there with graphite and diamond.

Element USES

Carbon a wide range of applications, the radioactive isotope carbon 14 carbon-can be used for items dating, carbon can be used in the manufacture of pencil, diamond, steel, control nuclear reactions, rubber shading, paint coating with paint, and so on.

physical property

State: is tasted for graphite and diamond melting point (℃) : 3500
Boiling point (℃) : 4827
Density (g/cc, 300 K) : 2.26

Than hot/J/gK: 0.71
Evaporation heat/KJ/mol: 355.8
Melting hot/KJ/mol:

Conductive rate / 106 / cm: 0.00061
Coefficient of thermal conductivity/W/cmK: 1.29

Geological data

abundance
Retention time/year: 800000

The sun (relative to the H = 1 x 1012) : 4.17 by 108
Sea/P.P.M.

The earth's crust/P.P.M. : 480
The Atlantic ocean surface: 23
The Pacific Ocean surface: 23

Atmospheric/P.P.M. (volume) : 350 (CO2)
The Atlantic ocean depths: 26
Deep in the Pacific: 28

Biology data

Content in the human body
Liver/P.P.M. : 670000

Organs:
Muscle/P.P.M. : 670000

Blood/mg dm-3:0.0016-0.075
Th intake/g: 300

Bone/P.P.M. : 300000
People (70 Kg) are total body/Kg: 16

Detailed information

Carbon, atomic number 6, atomic weight 12.011. Elements of Latin origin, would like to be "carbon". Carbon is nature is widely distributed in one of elements, the content of about 0.027% in the earth's crust. The form of the carbon is various, such as diamond, amorphous elemental carbon graphite; Have amorphous carbon such as coal; A complex organic compounds such as animals and plants, etc.; Carbonate as marble, etc.

Elemental carbon of physical and chemical properties depends on it crystal structure. High hardness of diamond and soft satiny graphite crystal structure is different, each have each appearance, density, melting point, etc.

Under normal temperature, the elemental carbon chemistry is stable, insoluble in water, dilute acid, dilute alkali and organic solvents; Different high temperature react with oxygen to produce co2 or carbon monoxide; In only fluorine can and halogen elemental carbon direct response; In the heating, elemental carbon more easily to be acid oxidation; Under high temperature, carbon also with many metal reaction, generating metal carbide.