Atomization enthalpy: kJ/mol, @ 25 ℃ 207.1 Melting point ℃ 271.3 Boiling point ℃ 1560
Discovery
Known in the 15th century, in 1737 by he (J.H ellot), and day, tile (C.J.G eoffroy) made of bismuth. Bismuth were used in ancient Greek and Roman, used for box and the base of the box.But until 1556 the German g. Agricola only in his book the theory of metal antimony and bismuth are two independent metals.1737 hz roethke (Hellot) using fire analysis of cobalt won a small piece of the sample, but I don't know what is.In 1753 Britain c. if Mr Lu and t. bergman identified bi is a chemical element, named as bismuth.In 1757 France region, tile (Geoffroy) via analysis and research, identified as a new element.
Source
Bismuth in small amounts in the earth's crust, to 2 x 10-5%, bismuth in nature exist in two kinds of elemental and compound, main minerals are bismuthinite (Bi2S3), bubble bismuth ore (Bi2O3), ling bismuth ore (nBi2O3 mCO2 · H2O), copper bismuth ore (3 cu2s · 4 Bi2S3), the lead bismuth ore, PBS Bi2S, (2).
Element USES
Bismuth is mainly used in the manufacture of fusible alloy, 47 ~ 262 ℃, melting point range is the most commonly used is bismuth with metals such as lead, tin, antimony, indium composition of the alloy, used for fire protection system, automatic sprinkler, boiler safety plug, in case of fire, water pipes of the piston will be "automatically" melt, water gush.In the fire and electrical industry, used for automatic fire extinguishing system and electrical fuse, soldering.In the coagulation of bismuth alloy has no shrinkage characteristics, used in casting printing type and high precision casting.Bismuth carbonate oxygen and oxygen bismuth nitrate used in the treatment of skin lesions and gastrointestinal problems.
physical property
Pure bismuth is soft metal, not pure sex brittle.Stable under normal temperature.Main ore for bismuthinite (Bi2S5) and ochre bi stone (Bi2o5).Liquid bismuth solidification expansion phenomenon. Crisp, conductivity and thermal conductivity are poor.Bismuth selenide and telluride have semiconductor properties. Bismuth is silvery white (pink) to pale yellow metal luster, very brittle crushing easily;At room temperature, bismuth does not react with oxygen or water, stable in the air.. The conductive thermal conductivity is poor;Before bismuth is considered to be the largest stable elements relative atomic mass, but in 2003, discovered the bismuth weak radioactive, by alpha decay into thallium - 205.The half-life of 1.9 X10 ^ 19 years or so, 1 billion times to reach the age of the universe.
Chemical property
Burns when heated to above the melting point, a light blue flame, generate bismuth oxide, bismuth in red also can compound with sulfur and halogen.Bismuth does not dissolve in water, insoluble in non oxidizing acid (hydrochloric acid) even strong hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, also only slightly when the total thermal reaction, but soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia.With + 5 valence compounds NaBiO3 (sodium bismuthate) is a strong oxidizer.
Geological data
Biology data
Detailed information
Known in the 15th century, in 1737 by he (J.H ellot), and day, tile (C.J.G eoffroy) made of bismuth. Bismuth were used in ancient Greek and Roman, used for box and the base of the box.But until 1556 the German g. Agricola only in his book the theory of metal antimony and bismuth are two independent metals.1737 hz roethke (Hellot) using fire analysis of cobalt won a small piece of the sample, but I don't know what is.In 1753 Britain c. if Mr Lu and t. bergman identified bi is a chemical element, named as bismuth.In 1757 France region, tile (Geoffroy) via analysis and research, identified as a new element.
